Summer in the Okanagan means sunshine, lake days, hiking trails and plenty of time outdoors. But as temperatures climb, it's important to remember that hot weather can affect more than just your comfort level; it can also change how your body responds to certain medications.

At Rutland Medical Pharmacy, we often talk with patients about medication side effects, but one topic that doesn't get enough attention is the relationship between medications and heat-related illness. Many common medications can increase the risk of dehydration, overheating, kidney problems or sun sensitivity, making it especially important to take extra precautions during the summer months.

How Heat Affects the Body

Your body has several ways to cool itself when temperatures rise. Sweating and increasing blood flow to the skin help release heat and regulate body temperature. However, when temperatures are extremely high, humidity is elevated, fluid intake is inadequate, or certain medications interfere with the body's cooling mechanisms, it becomes much harder to stay safe in the heat. Older adults, young children, people with chronic medical conditions and those taking multiple medications are often at higher risk.

Know the Warning Signs

Heat-related illness can develop quickly.

Heat exhaustion may cause:

• Dizziness
• Weakness
• Headache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Heavy sweating
• Rapid pulse
• Cool, clammy skin

If left untreated, heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke, a medical emergency that can cause confusion, loss of consciousness, seizures and dangerously high body temperatures. If heat stroke is suspected, call 911 immediately.

Medications That Can Increase Dehydration

One of the biggest concerns during hot weather is dehydration.

Diuretics, often referred to as "water pills," are commonly prescribed for conditions such as high blood pressure and heart disease. These medications help remove excess fluid from the body, but they can also increase the risk of dehydration when temperatures soar.

Common examples include:

• Furosemide
• Hydrochlorothiazide
• Indapamide
• Spironolactone

Other factors such as vomiting, diarrhea or excessive laxative use can further contribute to fluid loss.

Protecting Your Kidneys During Heat Waves

Dehydration can also affect kidney function, especially in people taking certain medications.

ACE inhibitors, ARBs and anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen and naproxen may increase the risk of kidney injury when combined with dehydration. Pharmacists sometimes refer to the combination of a diuretic, an ACE inhibitor or ARB, and an NSAID as the "triple whammy" because of its significant impact on kidney function during periods of fluid loss. The good news is that many heat-related kidney problems can be prevented through proper hydration and early recognition of symptoms.

When Your Body Can't Cool Itself

Some medications can reduce sweating, making it harder for your body to regulate temperature.

These may include:

• Certain allergy medications
• Some bladder medications
• Certain antidepressants
• Some antipsychotic medications

People taking these medications should be particularly mindful of overheating and watch for symptoms such as dizziness, dry mouth, confusion and reduced sweating.

Diabetes, Heat and Hydration

Hot weather can be especially challenging for people living with diabetes. Heat can affect blood sugar levels, hydration status and kidney function. Certain diabetes medications may also increase water loss through urination, making dehydration more likely.

During hot weather, people with diabetes should monitor blood sugars more frequently, stay well hydrated and speak with their pharmacist or healthcare provider if they notice unusual symptoms.

Don't Forget About Sun Sensitivity

Another lesser-known side effect of some medications is increased sensitivity to sunlight. Certain antibiotics, diuretics, anti-inflammatory medications and acne treatments can make skin more susceptible to sunburn and UV damage. In some cases, patients may burn more easily than usual without realizing their medication is contributing to the reaction.

To protect yourself:

• Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher
• Reapply sunscreen regularly
• Wear protective clothing and sunglasses
• Seek shade during peak UV hours between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m.

Stay Safe This Summer

The most important takeaway is simple: heat-related illness is often preventable. Stay hydrated, avoid prolonged exposure during the hottest parts of the day, monitor for symptoms of dehydration and overheating, and don't hesitate to ask questions about your medications.

Most medications can be taken safely throughout the summer with the right precautions. If you're unsure whether your medications may increase your risk in hot weather, your pharmacist is one of your best resources. At Rutland Medical Pharmacy, we're always happy to review your medications and help you stay healthy, safe and informed all summer long. Because sometimes the best way to beat the heat starts with a conversation at the pharmacy counter.